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concepts / metadata

What is File Metadata?

Metadata is the label
your file didn't show you

Alongside the picture, song or text, most files carry notes: who made them, on what, where, when and with which software. You never see them, but anyone you send the file to can read them. Pick a file below and see what it gives away.

photo_cameraPhone photo.jpg
screenshot_monitorScreenshot.png
music_noteSong.mp3
picture_as_pdfLetter.pdf
descriptionReport.docx
draft
IMG_20260412_093011.jpgJPEG photo · 9.3 KB
notes in the file1.1 KB
12.1% of the file is notes, not content
EXIFXMP

Anyone who receives this file can see that it names a person or company, pinpoints where it was made, dates itself, identifies the device and lists the software used.

personPeople1
Creator · XMPSam Okafor
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →
location_onPlace3
GPS · EXIF51.50069° N, 0.12461° W
Altitude · EXIF12.0 m
City · XMPLondon
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →
scheduleTime4
Modified · EXIF2026:04:13 21:04:50
Taken · EXIF2026:04:12 09:30:11
Time zone · EXIF+01:00
Modified · XMP2026-04-13T21:04:50+01:00
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →
photo_cameraDevice4
Make · EXIFGoogle
Model · EXIFPixel 8 Pro
Unique image ID · EXIF7f3a9c2e41d84b06a1e5c9d2b8f04e73
Lens · EXIFPixel 8 Pro back camera 6.9mm f/1.68
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →
terminalSoftware3
Software · EXIFHDR+ 1.0.641377693zd
Created with · XMPAdobe Lightroom Mobile 9.2
Edit history · XMP2 saved steps
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →
sellLabels0
Nothing foundOpen this spot on OpenStreetMap →

Take the label off

This removes the notes and keeps the content untouched: photo pixels, sound and text stay byte for byte. The cleaned file is then read again from scratch, so the count on the right is what's really left.

check_circleJPG: drops the EXIF, XMP, IPTC and comment segments. The colour profile and the compressed picture are copied unchanged.
infoThe visible content is not checked: a name typed in the text, or a face in the photo, is still there.
warningIf a photo relied on the EXIF orientation tag, it may now show sideways in some apps.
cleaning_servicesRemove metadata
downloadDownload IMG_20260412_093011-clean.jpg
what the file saysbeforeafter
People1-
Place3-
Time4-
Device4-
Software3-
Labels0-
file size9.3 KB-
Press Remove metadata. Nothing leaves your browser.

Same note, seven names

Every file family invented its own label system, so "who made this" is stored under a different name in each. Columns used by the file above are highlighted. Tools that strip only one system (say EXIF) can leave the same facts sitting in another (XMP).

EXIFphotos, 1995XMPAdobe, 2001IPTC IIMnews photos, 1991ID3v2MP3, 1998PNG textPNG, 1996PDF InfoPDF, 1993OOXMLOffice, 2006
AuthorArtist (0x013B)dc:creator2:80 By-lineTPE1, TCOMAuthor/Authordc:creator, cp:lastModifiedBy
CreatedDateTimeOriginal (0x9003)xmp:CreateDate2:55 Date CreatedTYER (v2.3), TDRC (v2.4)Creation Time/CreationDatedcterms:created
SoftwareSoftware (0x0131)xmp:CreatorTool2:65 Originating ProgramTENC, TSSESoftware/Creator, /ProducerApplication, AppVersion
TitleImageDescription (0x010E)dc:title2:05 Object NameTIT2Title/Titledc:title
LocationGPSLatitude, GPSLongitudeexif:GPSLatitude, photoshop:City2:90 City----
DeviceMake, Model, BodySerialNumbertiff:Model, exifEX:SerialNumber--Source--
Sources: CIPA DC-008 (Exif 3.0) · ISO 16684-1 (XMP) · IPTC IIM 4.2 · ID3v2.3 and v2.4 informal standards · W3C PNG Specification, Third Edition · ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0) · ECMA-376 Part 2 (OPC core properties)

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I view photo metadata?

On Windows: right-click > Properties > Details tab. On Mac: select photo > Command+I. Or use Exiftool for comprehensive metadata.

How do I remove metadata from photos?

On Windows: File Properties > Details > Remove Properties. Or use our tools to convert the image which strips EXIF data.

Does sharing a photo online share my location?

Social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) strip GPS metadata before displaying photos. But be careful when sharing files directly.

What is EXIF data?

EXIF (Exchangeable Image File Format) is the metadata standard for photos. It stores camera settings, GPS coordinates, and timestamps.

Can metadata make a file larger?

Yes, but minimally. EXIF data adds a few kilobytes to image files. Removing metadata can slightly reduce file size.