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Make any book readable on your e‑reader.

A free ebook converter that starts with your device: pick the one you read on to see the format it opens natively. The converter below reads EPUB, MOBI and FB2 (and Word, OpenDocument, RTF, HTML, Markdown, text), writes EPUB 3, FB2, PDF and more, and reads every result back to show what came through.

menu_bookKindleauto_storiesKobophone_iphoneApple Bookstablet_androidGoogle Play BookstabletOld KindlesmartphonePhone applaptopComputerprintPrint

Kindle reads best as.epubSend to Kindle takes EPUB (MOBI stopped being accepted in 2022) and converts it for your device. [2]arrow_downwardConvert a book to .epub

Chapter 3The Lighthouse KeeperThe storm had been gathering since noon, and by evening the sea was a single grey sheet torn at its edges. Mara climbed the ninety-two steps with the lamp oil, counting each one the way her father had taught her, until the light above her filled the tower.Loc 1,284 of 9,61012 min left in chapter

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Reflowable text vs fixed pages.

An EPUB is like a web page, the words rewrap to fit any screen and any font size. A PDF is a picture of a printed page, so on a 6-inch e-reader you end up pinching and scrolling.

EPUB · reflowsPDF · fixed

Phone

E-reader

Tablet

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Convert it, then count what came through.

Chapters, words, styling, cover and metadata are counted in your book, and again in the converted file after reading it back. DRM-protected books are detected and refused. Everything happens in this tab.

folder_openOpen bookauto_storiesSample EPUB

The ebook engine failed to load: Failed to fetch dynamically imported module: http://127.0.0.1:9777/js/main/general/ebook-engine.jsEPUB, MOBI (PalmDOC), FB2, or a document: DOCX, ODT, RTF, HTML, Markdown, TXT. Identified by its bytes.

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convert to

.epub.fb2.pdf.docx.html.md.txt

EPUB 3 with an EPUB 2 toc.ncx for older readers: one XHTML file per chapter, nav document, cover page, stylesheet.

swap_horizConvert to .epubdownload ·

What came through waiting for a book

Open a book, or the sample EPUB (three short chapters, a cover and metadata, written by this page).

Counted twice: in your book, then in the result

menu_bookChaptersSpine items and their order, compared one by one.

notesWordsEvery chapter’s text counted, so dropped paragraphs show.

format_boldStylingHeadings, bold, italics and lists, tag by tag.

imageCoverWhether the cover image is still found and marked as the cover.

badgeMetadataTitle, author, language and identifier, field by field.

tocContentsTable-of-contents entries and where each one points.

partin your bookread backstatushow

lockAbout DRM: books bought from stores like Kindle or Kobo are usually copy-protected. This page reads encryption.xml and the MOBI header and refuses encrypted books; font obfuscation (used by many DRM-free EPUBs to protect embedded fonts) is not DRM and is allowed.

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What each format does to your book.

We converted one e-book into every format and measured the result. The source was a 1,470.3 KB EPUB: 14 chapters, about 9,674 words, styled text, a cover and two figures. Converted with Calibre 9.11.

100%EPUB and AZW3 kept all 4 images

139%FB2, images stored as text

1%PDB, every picture dropped

formattypeoutput size · vs 1,470 KB sourceimages keptkeepsverdict

.epubReflowable1,471.3 KB · 100%4 of 4Text, styling, imagesThe safe default

.azw3Reflowable1,526.8 KB · 104%4 of 4Text, styling, imagesFor modern Kindles

.mobiReflowable1,521.8 KB · 104%4 of 4Text, styling, imagesFor older Kindles

.pdfFixed1,653.6 KB · 112%3 of 4Exact appearancePrint, not reading on a phone

.fb2Reflowable2,050.1 KB · 139%4 of 4Text, styling, imagesLarge: images become text

.snbReflowable610 KB · 41%3 of 4Text and imagesNiche Chinese reader format

.lrfReflowable155.2 KB · 11%4 of 4Text, smaller imagesRetired Sony format

.rbReflowable1,497 KB · 102%1 of 4Text, most images lostObsolete

.pdbReflowable14.9 KB · 1%0 of 4Text onlyDrops every picture

.txtPlain text53.5 KB · 4%0 of 4Text onlyNo formatting at all

Every format kept the wordsEven the smallest outputs preserved the full text when converted back, so a tiny file does not mean a truncated book.

Size is almost all picturesPDB dropped all four images and landed at 1% of the source; LRF shrank them to a fraction of their size at 11%.

FB2 is the largestAt 139% it stores images as text inside the XML, which inflates them by about a third.

Read in EPUB or AZW3Both kept the text, the styling and all four images, at 100% and 104% of the source.

menu_bookWhich format should you pickIf you read on a Kindle, choose AZW3. For everything else, from Kobo and Nook to phone and tablet apps, choose EPUB. The older formats are here so you can open books you already have, not because they are worth converting to.

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Nine formats, and what each is good for.

.epubsafe defaultThe open e-book standard, built on HTML and CSS.Best for almost every reader except Kindle.Text reflows to any screen; the safe default.What is .epub?Convert .epub →

.mobiolder KindlesAmazon’s older Kindle format.Best for older Kindle devices and apps.Superseded by AZW3, which Amazon now prefers.What is .mobi?Convert .mobi →

.azw3modern KindlesAmazon’s current Kindle format, also called KF8.Best for modern Kindles, with better styling than MOBI.Kept every image in our test, at much the same size as EPUB.What is .azw3?Convert .azw3 →

.fb2regionalFictionBook, an XML format popular in Russia.Best for text-only fiction libraries.Stores pictures as text inside the XML, so files run large.What is .fb2?Convert .fb2 →

.lrfretiredThe retired format from Sony’s e-reader line.Best only for old Sony Readers.Shrinks images heavily; convert to EPUB instead.What is .?Convert .lrf →

.pdblegacyPalm Database, from the PalmPilot era.Best for very old handheld readers.Keeps the words but drops pictures entirely.What is .?Convert .pdb →

.rbobsoleteThe Rocket eBook format from the late 1990s.Best for archival curiosity more than daily use.Kept the text but lost most images in our test.What is .?Convert .rb →

.snbnicheA Chinese e-book format used by Shanda Bambook.Best for that specific reader ecosystem.Recompresses images, roughly halving the file.What is .?Convert .snb →

.tcrlegacyA compressed plain-text format from Psion.Best for the smallest possible text-only book.No formatting and no pictures survive.What is .tcr?Convert .tcr →

Popular ebook conversions

EPUB→PDFPrint a book or send it to someone without a reader.novel.epub · 24 chaptersarrow_forwardnovel.pdf · A4 EPUB→MOBIFor Kindles loaded over USB.novel.epubarrow_forwardnovel.mobi PDF→EPUBMake a fixed-page PDF reflow on a small screen.manual.pdf · 80 pagesarrow_forwardmanual.epub · reflows DOCX→PDFFreeze a manuscript for a printer.draft.docxarrow_forwarddraft.pdf Any→inspectSee an ebook’s package, DRM and accessibility metadata.book.epubarrow_forwardOPF · spine · nav EPUB→checkValidate references, media types and properties, and repair them.broken.epubarrow_forwardrepaired.epub

Sources

[1]EPUB 3.3: W3C Recommendation [2]Send to Kindle supported file types: Amazon [3]MOBI format: MobileRead Wiki [4]FictionBook 2.0 schema [5]EPUB Open Container Format 3.3 [6]PalmDOC compression: MobileRead Wiki