JPG Joint Photographic Experts Group
JPG (JPEG) is a widely used image format standardized in 1992. It employs lossy compression techniques that significantly reduce file sizes, often up to 90-95%, while maintaining a visually acceptable quality for photographs. JPG is designed primarily for images with rich colors and smooth gradients.
This format supports 24-bit color, enabling it to display over 16 million colors, which makes it ideal for capturing the nuances of natural images. However, the lossy nature of JPG means that every time an image is saved, some data is permanently lost, and this can result in noticeable artifacts when edited or compressed repeatedly.
JPG is universally supported across all platforms, cameras, and devices, making it the go-to format for digital photography, web images, and email attachments. Its efficient compression makes it suitable for online use where bandwidth is a concern, although it is less effective for images requiring sharp lines and text.[1][2]